Understanding how cells decode signals from their environment is a central challenge in biology. One such pathway, NF-κB signaling, governs immune responses and inflammation. Traditional studies usually apply static doses of cytokines, but in living tissues, signals are anything but static—they fluctuate in strength...
The detection and analysis of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), such as exosomes, has attracted significant attention due to their potential as circulating biomarkers for diseases, especially cancers and liver disorders. Yet, their small size and the complexity of blood plasma make direct detection difficult....
Magnetite nanoparticles (MNPs) have become valuable in areas ranging from environmental remediation and water treatment to medical diagnostics, electronics, and drug delivery systems. Their unique electrical and magnetic properties, combined with the ability to tailor their size and surface characteristics, make them a versatile...